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一、mysql数据库的安装
分别在master 和slave上源码安装mysql数据库
1.1 安装相关包
1.1.1 cmake软件 cd /home/oldboy/tools/ tar xf cmake-2.8.8.tar.gz cd cmake-2.8.8 ./configure #CMake has bootstrapped. Now run gmake. gmake gmake install cd ../ 1.1.2 依赖包 yum install ncurses-devel -y 1.2 开始安装mysql 1.2.1 创建用户和组 groupadd mysql useradd mysql -s /sbin/nologin -M -g mysql 1.2.2 解压编译MySQL tar zxf mysql-5.5.32.tar.gz cd mysql-5.5.32 cmake . -DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/application/mysql/mysql-5.5.40 \ -DMYSQL_DATADIR=/application/mysql/mysql-5.5.40/data \ -DMYSQL_UNIX_ADDR=/application/mysql/mysql-5.5.40/tmp/mysql.sock \ -DDEFAULT_CHARSET=utf8 \ -DDEFAULT_COLLATION=utf8_general_ci \ -DEXTRA_CHARSETS=gbk,gb2312,utf8,ascii \ -DENABLED_LOCAL_INFILE=ON \ -DWITH_INNOBASE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \ -DWITH_FEDERATED_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \ -DWITH_BLACKHOLE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \ -DWITHOUT_EXAMPLE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \ -DWITHOUT_PARTITION_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \ -DWITH_FAST_MUTEXES=1 \ -DWITH_ZLIB=bundled \ -DENABLED_LOCAL_INFILE=1 \ -DWITH_READLINE=1 \ -DWITH_EMBEDDED_SERVER=1 \ -DWITH_DEBUG=0 #-- Build files have been written to: /home/oldboy/tools/mysql-5.5.32 提示,编译时可配置的选项很多,具体可参考结尾附录或官方文档: make #[100%] Built target my_safe_process make install ln -s /application/mysql-5.5.32/ /application/mysql 如果上述操作未出现错误,则MySQL5.5.32软件cmake方式的安装就算成功了。1.3安装数据库成功后
1.3.1 修改mysql安装目录的权限,全部修改为mysql
chown -R mysql:mysql /application/mysql
1.3.2 初始化数据库
cd /application/mysql/scripts
[root@localhost scripts]# ./mysql_install_db --basedir=/application/mysql --datadir=/data/mysql --user=mysql
1.3.3 替换/etc/下的配置文件和数据库的启动文件
/application/mysql/support-files
cp -r my-small.cnf /etc/my.cnf
cp -r mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysql
1.4启动数据库
/etc/init.d/mysql start
/etc/init.d/mysql stop
/etc/init.d/mysql restart
二、mysql数据库分库分表的同步
2.1master配置文件
log-bin=mysql-bin
binlog_format=row
server-id = 15
binlog-do-db=sales
/etc/init.d/mysql restart(重启数据库)
2.2slave配置文件
server-id = 25
relay-log=relay-bin
read-only = 1 replicate-do-db = salesreplicate-do-db =user_info
replicate-ignore-db = information_schema
replicate-ignore-db = mysql replicate-ignore-db = user_inforeplicate-do-table =sales.story // 所要同步的数据库的单个表
/etc/init.d/mysql restart(重启数据库)
2.3在master上创建同步的用户
grant replication client,replication slave on *.* to rep@'172.27.1.%' identified by 'password';mysql> show master status\G;
*************************** 1. row *************************** File: mysql-bin.000003 Position: 150 Binlog_Do_DB: sales,user_info Binlog_Ignore_DB: Executed_Gtid_Set: 1 row in set (0.00 sec) ERROR: No query specified2.4在slave上执行如下语句,同步到master
change master to master_host='172.27.1.12'(主库IP地址),master_user='rep',master_password='financial',master_log_file='mysql-bin.000003',master_log_pos=150;
start slave(启动从库)
stop slave(停止从库)
reset slave(重置从库)
启动数据库后查看slave的状态如下:
mysql> show slave status\G;
*************************** 1. row *************************** Slave_IO_State: Waiting for master to send event Master_Host: 172.27.1.12 Master_User: rep Master_Port: 3306 Connect_Retry: 60 Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000003 Read_Master_Log_Pos: 150 Relay_Log_File: relay-bin.000002 Relay_Log_Pos: 269 Relay_Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.001603 Slave_IO_Running: Yes Slave_SQL_Running: Yes Replicate_Do_DB: sales Replicate_Ignore_DB: information_schema,mysql,user_info Replicate_Do_Table: sales.story Replicate_Ignore_Table: Replicate_Wild_Do_Table: Replicate_Wild_Ignore_Table: Last_Errno: 0 Last_Error: Skip_Counter: 0 Exec_Master_Log_Pos: 150 Relay_Log_Space: 419 Until_Condition: None Until_Log_File: Until_Log_Pos: 0 Master_SSL_Allowed: No Master_SSL_CA_File: Master_SSL_CA_Path: Master_SSL_Cert: Master_SSL_Cipher: Master_SSL_Key: Seconds_Behind_Master: 0 Master_SSL_Verify_Server_Cert: No Last_IO_Errno: 0 Last_IO_Error: Last_SQL_Errno: 0 Last_SQL_Error: Replicate_Ignore_Server_Ids: Master_Server_Id: 15 1 row in set (0.00 sec) ERROR: No query specified上述表示数据库master and slave 已配置好,可以进行同库单个表的配置
测试:
1.分别在master和slave创建数据库sales(row模式下需要手动创建数据库)。
2.use sales库下,在master上创建表
CREATE TABLE user_info (
PersonID int, LastName varchar(255), FirstName varchar(255), Address varchar(255), City varchar(255) );3.在master上创建表
CREATE TABLE story (
PersonID int, LastName varchar(255), FirstName varchar(255), Address varchar(255), City varchar(255) );查看slave同步状态:
a. story表同步成功
b. user_info表同步不成功
则mysql数据库单库,单表同步成功。
如果只是单库同步,则在slave的配置文件中去掉:
replicate-do-table =sales.story // 所要同步的数据库的单个表
在安装过程中发现从低版本往高版本同步没有问题,从高版本往低版本同步一直出现问题。
三、数据库5.7二进制版本
下载链接:
https://dev.mysql.com/get/Downloads/MySQL-5.7/mysql-5.7.18-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64.tar.gz 直接解压使用,授权,初始化命令变为: bin/mysqld --initialize --user=mysql --basedir=/application/mysql-5.7.18 --datadir=/application/mysql-5.7.18/data注意:初始化会生成登录数据库的初始密码,要记得保存。